Jackal, it is said, came once to Dove, who lived on the top of a rock, and said, “Give me one of your little ones.”
Dove answered, “I shall not do anything of the kind.”
Jackal said, “Give me it at once! Otherwise, I shall fly up to you.” Then she threw one down to him.
He came back another day and demanded another little one, and she gave it to him. After Jackal had gone, Heron came, and asked, “Dove, why do you cry? “
Dove
Dove answered him, “Jackal has taken away my little ones; it is for this that I cry.” He asked her, “In what manner did he take them?” She answered him, “When he asked me I refused him; but when he said, ‘I shall at once fly up, therefore give me it,’ I threw it down to him.“
Heron said, “Are you such a fool as to give your young ones to Jackal, who cannot fly?” Then, with the admonition to give no more, he went away.
Jackal came again, and said, “Dove, give me a little one.” Dove refused, and told him that Heron had told her that he could not fly up.
Heron
Jackal said, “I shall catch him.”
So when Heron came to the banks of the water, Jackal asked him: “Brother Heron, when the wind comes from this side, how will you stand?” He turned his neck towards him and said, “I stand thus, bending my neck on one side.” Jackal asked him again, “When a storm comes and when it rains, how do you stand?” He said to him: “I stand thus, indeed, bending my neck down.”
Then Jackal beat him on his neck, and broke his neck in the middle. Since that day Heron’s neck is bent.
South African Folktales, J.A. Honey, 1910, Baker and Taylor Company.
Last night I thought about writing a piece on the greatest long-distance runner of all times, the great Haile Gebrselassie. My interest for Track and field (athletism) has always been big, but my interest for 10,000 m was awaken by Haile Gebrselassie running 10,000 m and taking the gold medal at the 1995 Gothenburg games. This great athlete hails from Ethiopia and has redefined what it means to run 10,000 m. He is a long-distance track and road running athlete. Imagine someone who has just run 9600 m, and still has the power to accelerate and sprint through the next 200-400 m as if he was Michael Johnson or Usain Bolt? If you can imagine this, you have imagined Haile Gebrselassie! I have enjoyed watching him run with grace, poise, endurance, and strength. I once read that he would train by running 30 km every day, and I thought to myself, no wonder he is a 2-time Gold olympic winner (1996 Atlanta, and 2000 Sydney), 4-times world championship winner, 4-times consecutive Berlin marathon winner, 3-times consecutive Dubai marathon winner (not sure how one could run in Dubai’s heat), broke 61 records in Ethiopia, and 27 world records, and is greatly considered the world’sgreatest distance runner in history. He has broken his own record several times, and is a true inspiration to many. He starred as himself in the 1999 movie Endurance.
Haile Gebrselassie, of Ethiopia, defeating Paul Tergat of Kenya in the 10000 m run at the Sydney 2000 Olympics in a historic finish.
I dream of running a 10000 m race one day, just like Haile… Imagine a non-runner inspired to run? Yes… that’s being influenced by the greatest of all, Haile Gebrselassie… So many of us in Africa owe to this man who started running 10 km to go to school back when he was just a child; this man from a poor background, who went through all odds to reach the summit. The current gold olympic title holder is Kenenisa Bekele, a fellow Ethiopian, and a protégé of Haile. A whole generation of Ethiopian long-distance runners, and African runners, and kids like me, have been inspired by this athlete who is running the distance for greatness (He gave his first gold medal to his church to thank God for his talent). All praise to the greatest of all: Haile Gebrselassie. I had hoped to see him at the London 2012 olympic games this summer, but just learnt that he would not be there. Although I feel sad, I am just grateful that we will be watching Kenenisa Bekele, and many others who have all been inspired by the greatest of all, Haile Gebrselassie.
J’ai été admirablement surprise de lire la charte du Manden (Mandé), qui semble être la première déclaration des droits de l’homme au monde. Elle fut prononcée lors de l’intronisation de Soundiata Keïta comme empereur du Mali en 1222. Imaginez-vous ma joie: première declaration des droits de l’homme au monde, érigée en Afrique? en 1222? plusieurs siècles (7 siècles) avant la fameuse déclaration des droits de l’homme de l’ONU? Waou…! Et après on vous dira qu’il n’ya jamais rien eu en Afrique. Lisez, et rejouissez-vous, car au Mali, du temps de l’empereur Soundiata Keïta, il y avait le concept du droit de l’homme et l’amour de l’être humain.
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La Charte du Manden (Mandé)
Soundiata Keïta a l’Assemblée constitutive de l’empire du Mandé avec les chefs de guerre (Source: Wikipedia.fr)
1. Les chasseurs déclarent :
Toute vie (humaine) est une vie.
Il est vrai qu’une vie apparaît à l’existence avant une autre vie,
Mais une vie n’est pas plus “ancienne“, plus respectable qu’une autre vie,
De même qu’une vie n’est pas supérieure à une autre vie.
2. Les chasseurs déclarent :
Toute vie étant une vie,
Tout tort causé à une vie exige réparation.
Par conséquent,
Que nul ne s’en prenne gratuitement à son voisin,
Que nul ne cause du tort à son prochain,
Que nul ne martyrise son semblable.
Assemblée constitutive de l’empire du Mandé (Source: Wikipedia)
3. Les chasseurs déclarent :
Que chacun veille sur son prochain,
Que chacun vénère ses géniteurs,
Que chacun éduque comme il se doit ses enfants,
Que chacun “entretienne”, pourvoie aux besoins des membres de sa famille.
4. Les chasseurs déclarent :
Que chacun veille sur le pays de ses pères.
Par pays ou patrie, faso,
Il faut entendre aussi et surtout les hommes ;
Car “tout pays, toute terre qui verrait les hommes disparaître de sa surface
Deviendrait aussitôt nostalgique.”
Assemblée constitutive de l’empire du Mandé (Source: Wikipedia.fr)
5. Les chasseurs déclarent :
La faim n’est pas une bonne chose,
L’esclavage n’est pas non plus une bonne chose ;
Il n’y a pas pire calamité que ces choses-là,
Dans ce bas monde.
Tant que nous détiendrons le carquois et l’arc,
La faim ne tuera plus personne au Manden,
Si d’aventure la famine venait à sévir ;
La guerre ne détruira plus jamais de village
Pour y prélever des esclaves ;
C’est dire que nul ne placera désormais le mors dans la bouche de son semblable
Pour allez le vendre ;
Personne ne sera non plus battu,
A fortiori mis à mort,
Parce qu’il est fils d’esclave.
le Manding, berceau de l’empire du Mali (photo: Olivier Epron)
6. Les chasseurs déclarent :
L’essence de l’esclavage est éteinte ce jour,
“D’un mur à l’autre”, d’une frontière à l’autre du Manden ;
La razzia est bannie à compter de ce jour au Manden ;
Les tourments nés de ces horreurs sont finis à partir de ce jour au Manden.
Quelle épreuve que le tourment !
Surtout lorsque l’opprimé ne dispose d’aucun recours.
L’esclave ne jouit d’aucune considération,
Nulle part dans le monde.
Manuscripts à Tombouctou (Mali) montrant de l’astronomie et mathématique
7. Les gens d’autrefois nous disent :
“L’homme en tant qu’individu
Fait d’os et de chair,
De moelle et de nerfs,
De peau recouverte de poils et de cheveux,
Se nourrit d’aliments et de boissons ;
Mais son “âme”, son esprit vit de trois choses :
Voir qui il a envie de voir,
Dire ce qu’il a envie de dire
Et faire ce qu’il a envie de faire ;
Si une seule de ces choses venait à manquer à l’âme humaine,
Elle en souffrirait
Et s’étiolerait sûrement.”
La grande mosquée de Djenné (Mali – héritage du grand empire du Mali)
En conséquence, les chasseurs déclarent :
Chacun dispose désormais de sa personne,
Chacun est libre de ses actes,
Chacun dispose désormais des fruits de son travail.
Tel est le serment du Manden
A l’adresse des oreilles du monde tout entier.
Youssouf Tata Cissé
Texte réécrit par Youssouf Tata Cissé dans “Soundjata, la Gloire du Mali”, éd. Karthala, ARSAN, 1991
This famous speech of KingBéhanzinis the last strong message he gave onJanuary 20, 1894, in homage to his army which he always praised the courage, and bravery of the soldiers and amazons. For the original,click here.Since this is such an important piece of African history, I decided to translate his farewell speech into english. Enjoy!
“Fellow sufferers, last faithful friends, you know the circumstances under which, when the French wanted to grab the land of our ancestors, we decided to fight.
We had the certitude to lead our army to victory. When my warriors rose by the thousand to defend theDanhomèand his king, I recognized with pride the same bravery manifested by those ofAgadja, ofTégbessou, ofGhézo, and ofGlèlè. I was by their sides in all the battles.
Despite the legitimacy of our cause, and our courage, our compact troops were decimated in an instant. They could not defeat the white enemies whom I also praise the courage and discipline. And already my weeping voice arouses no more echo.
An Amazon warrior, ca 1890
Where are now myardent amazonswho were inflamed by a mighty anger?
Where are theirindomitable chiefs:Goudémè,Yéwê,Kétungan?
Where are theirrobust captains:Godogbé,Chachabloukou,Godjila?
Who will praise theirsplendid sacrifices? Who will tell about theirgenerosity?
Since they sealed the pact ofsupreme loyaltywith theirblood,how could I accept any sort of abdication without them?
How could I dare presenting myself in front of you, brave warriors, if I signed the general’s paper?
Béhanzin (Gbêhanzin) Hossu Bowelle or the ‘King Shark‘ was one the most powerful kings in West Africa at the turn of the 19th century. He was the eleventh king of Dahomey, and the last independent ruler of Abomey before French colonization. Who was really Béhanzin?
Born in 1844 in Abomey, Béhanzin was the eleventh king of Dahomey from 1889 to 1894. His name, Kondo, was changed to Béhanzin after he succeeded to his father Glèlè. His personal symbols were the shark, the egg, and two coconut palm trees, while those of his father were the lion and the ritual knife of Gu. His name actually meant ‘the egg of the world or the son of the shark‘. His great love for the freedom of his country, culture, and people led him to courageously and fiercely defend the land of his ancestors. He led the resistance and fight for the Dahomey’s freedom.
Seh-Dong Hong-Beh, leader of Dahomey Amazons (by Frederick Forbes in 1851)
Dahomey was one of most powerful kingdoms of West Africa, deriving its power from trade and its superior army. Dahomey’s army was one of the strongest and best-organized armies in West Africa and was comprised of both men and women, including the Amazons, a superior and dreaded fighting force of female warriors. At the time, Béhanzin masterfully led an army of 15000 men and 5000 amazon women. One of the Amazon leaders was Seh-Dong Hong-Beh (which means “God speaks true“) who led an army of 6000 amazons against the Egba fortress in Abeokuta in 1851.
In 1882, France declared a protectorate over Porto Novo, a vassal state of Abomey, without consulting with the indigenous people, as was (and still is) the practice with Europeans colons. By 1885, the French occupied the entire coastal strip West of Porto Novo. In 1889, King Glèlè and his son Béhanzin, who considered these coastal areas to be part of the kingdom of Dahomey, declared that the Fon people could no longer tolerate France’s actions.
Combat de Dogba au Dahomey, 19 September 1892
In February 1890, the French occupied Cotonou; Béhanzin, now king after Glèlè’s sudden death, prepared for war. Béhanzin’s army, with rifles supplied by the Germans, were getting too strong for neighboring French colonies. Béhanzin’s forces attacked the French simultaneously on two fronts—militarilyat Cotonou and economically by destroying the palm plantations at Porto Novo. The latter precipitated an early end to the hostilities. A treaty was signed, with the French continuing to occupy Cotonou, for which Béhanzin exacted an annuity; he made France pay for the use of Cotonou port. The peace lasted for two years. However, France was determined to annex Dahomey before the British or Germans did. Béhanzin, knowing that he would have to defend his sovereignty, continued upgrading his army in preparation for renewed war.
General Alfred-Amedee Dodds on the cover of ‘L’Illustration’ 20 May 1893
He declared a treaty made with France by his father, Glèlè, in 1868 null and void, from this war began. In 1894, Béhanzin was defeated by Colonel Alfred-Amédée Dodds, a Senegalese mulatto, who was sent to fight against him with powerful French armed forces. Béhanzin, not wanting his people to be massacred, surrendered his person to Dodds, without signing any instrument of national surrender or treaty. Béhanzin thought that he will get a chance to talk to the French president and find a way or sign a conciliation agreement for his country, unfortunately, the French tricked him and instead of going to France, Behanzin was exiled to Martinique. With Béhanzin and his immediate family adamantly refusing to sign a treaty making Dahomey a French protectorate, the French installed their choice, Agoli-Agbo, as king; Agoli Agbo, the puppet, did not last more than 6 years (when he asked for more freedom to rule, he was deported to Gabon). Dahomey was then placed under France’s protection and it eventually became a French colony. Béhanzin died in 1906 in Algeria. In 1928, his son, Ouanilo (who was also France’s first African attorney in 1920) had his body moved to Dahomey. Ouanilo’s remains will be restituted to Benin almost 80 years after his death.
King Behanzin in exile in Algeria
Béhanzin once said: «Vous pouvez arracher l’homme de son pays, mais vous ne pouvez arracher son pays du cœur de l’homme, ni arracher un grand homme de l’histoire.» [You can remove a man from his country, but you can never remove his country from a man’s heart, or erase a great man from history]. Béhanzin truly loved his people, and when he saw that his army was being massacred by the French, he cried for his beautiful and strong amazons, and pronounced the most beautiful ode to them [Où sont maintenant les ardentes amazones qu’enflammait une sainte colère? … Qui chantera leurs splendides sacrifices? Qui dira leur générosité? … comment accepterais-je sans eux une quelconque abdication? Comment oserais-je me présenter devant vous, braves guerriers, si je signais le papier du Général?…pour la survie de mon peuple, [j’accepte] de rencontrer dans son pays, selon sa promesse, le président des Français. —
Behanzin, the Last King of independent Dahomey
Where are now the ardent amazons who were inflamed by a mighty anger? … Who will praise their splendid sacrifices? … Who will tell about their generosity? … How could I accept any sort of abdication without them? How could I dare presenting myself to you, brave warriors, if I signed the general’s paper?… for the survival of my people, [I agree] to meet in his country, according to his promise, the president of the French]. Please watch this great documentary about the life of Béhanzin, the last king of the Dahomey (part 1 – 4), and one of the last resistant to French colonization. Why was he defeated? He said himself: «malgré la justesse de notre cause, notre vaillance et notre détermination, ils n’ont pu l’emporter et s’accaparer de la terre de nos aïeux que par la force de leur science» [despite the legitimacy of our cause, our courage, and determination, they could only win and take the land of our forefathers because of the force of their science]. Check out the website djime.com entirely dedicated to Béhanzin and his heritage. To learn more about Dahomey’s Amazons, check out the Smithsonian blog. This facebook page provides details about the organization of the amazons in the army. Don’t forget to offer your support to the Agongointo Musée du passé vivant dedicated to the kingdom of Dahomey.
Avec la défaite de Nicolas Sarkozy battu Dimanche par Francois Hollande, j’ai trouvé bon de vous faire lire cet éditorial de Théophile Kouamouo du Nouveau Courrier. Je n’aurais pas pu mieux le formuler. Retrouvez l’intégralité de l’article sur Le blog de Théophile Kouamouo.
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L’Histoire retiendra que Nicolas Sarkozy aura été, après Valéry Giscard d’Estaing, le second président en exercice en France à perdre le pouvoir après un seul mandat. Comme Giscard, il laisse le pouvoir à la gauche, après avoir échoué à réunir les droites. Comme Giscard, il n’incarnait pas vraiment le gaullisme historique français, mais représentait une droite ouvertement libérale et atlantiste (alignée sur les Etats-Unis). Giscard est tombé avec en bruit de fond «l’affaire des diamants» de Jean-Bédel Bokassa, dont il avait complaisamment orchestré le sacre avant de le renverser. Sarkozy s’en va alors que s’enchaînent les révélations sur les 50 millions d’euros que Muammar Kadhafi lui aurait promis, pour financer sa campagne victorieuse de 2007… On connait la suite de l’idylle !
Nicolas Sarkozy, by Zapiro (source Grigrinews.com)
Bon débarras ! Un ennemi de l’Afrique indépendante s’en est allé, un adversaire déclaré des Africains vivant en France, Subsahariens et Maghrébins, est tombé. Ni remords, ni regrets. La carrière politique de cet homme qui aura amené la droite républicaine vers une impasse idéologique fascisante est finie. Nicolas Sarkozy est avocat, ça tombe bien pour lui. Il risque fort désormais d’avoir beaucoup de travail avec toutes les procédures judiciaires qui visent déjà ses proches – et qui l’atteindront bientôt – et qui témoignent toutes du rapport problématique à l’argent de sa coterie de profiteurs.
Dire que Nicolas Sarkozy a été un bourreau de l’Afrique n’est ni mentir ni exagérer. Cet homme a brisé tous les tabous et a fait de la souveraineté de la Côte d’Ivoire et de la Libye de simples chiffons de papier. Violent, il a lancé des milices assassines à l’assaut de ces nations. L’insécurité, les actes de génocide dans l’Ouest, l’activisme meurtrier des miliciens dozos en Côte d’Ivoire en témoignent. Le chaos libyen, la prolifération d’armes lourdes, la poussée salafiste, le Mali livré à des hordes salafistes dont certaines ont part liée avec Al-Qaida… tel est l’héritage mortifère de l’ancien maire de Neuilly dans la bande sahélo-saharienne. Nicolas Sarkozy aura été le président français le plus détesté en Afrique depuis les indépendances. Et sur le continent, on fêtera plusieurs jours sa fabuleuse débâcle. […] Lire la suite ici
The Baboons, it is said, used to disturb the Zebra Mares in drinking. But one of the Mares became the mother of a foal. The others then helped her to suckle (the young stallion), that he might soon grow up. When he was grown up and they were in want of water, he brought them to the water. The Baboons, seeing this, came, as they formerly were used to do, into their way, and kept them from the water.
While the Mares stood thus, the Stallion stepped forward, and spoke to one of the Baboons, “Thou gum-eater’s child!”
Baboon
The Baboon said to the Stallion, “Please open thy mouth, that I may see what thou livest on.” The Stallion opened his mouth, and it was milky.
Then the Stallion said to the Baboon, “Please open thy mouth also, that I may see,” The Baboon did so, and there was some gum in it. But the Baboon quickly licked some milk off the Stallion’s tongue. The Stallion on this became angry, took the Baboon by his shoulders, and pressed him upon a hot, flat rock. Since that day the Baboon has a bald place on his back.
The Baboon said, lamenting, “I, my mother’s child, I, the gum-eater, am outdone by this milkeater!”
South African Folktales, J.A. Honey, 1910, Baker and Taylor Company.
Nicolas Sarkozy, by Zapiro (source Grigrinews.com)
Avec les élections présidentielles en France, et surtout après le renversement des gouvernements légitimes et légaux de la Côte d’Ivoire et de la Libye par la France sous le commandement de Sarkozy, j’ai décidé de re-poster ici le discours de Sarkozy à Dakar le 26 Juillet 2007. Il admet la faute historique de la colonisation, tout en rappelant ses “aspects positifs.” Mais la faute semble s’arrêter au lendemain des indépendances. Comme si, depuis 50 ans que les anciennes colonies françaises ont accédé à “l’indépendance”, la politique menée par la France, l’action de son armée, de ses services secrets, de ses entreprises n’avaient pas façonné l’Afrique contemporaine. Si nous savions ce que nous savons aujourd’hui à ce moment-là, peut-être aurions-nous réagit différemment face au pillage de la Côte d’Ivoire et Libye? Qu’à cela ne tienne, vous verrez dans son discours l’ampleur du cynisme, soif du pouvoir, racisme, condescendance, et mépris de l’Africain. Vous verrez aussi qu’il était déjà clair a ce moment-là, bien avant la chute financière de Wall Street, et de la zone Euro, que la recolonisation de l’Afrique avait commencé… L’ecrivain Achille Mbembe en fait une critique, et plutard aussi dans le Messager du 10 Août 2007. Pour l’intégrale du discours, cliquez ici: Discours de Sarkozy a Dakar.
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Le pillage de l’Afrique
“Je ne suis pas venu effacer le passé car le passé ne s’efface pas.
Je ne suis pas venu nier les fautes ni les crimes car il y a eu des fautes et il y a eu des crimes.
Il y a eu la traite négrière, il y a eu l’esclavage, les hommes, les femmes, les enfants achetés et vendus comme des marchandises. … Et l’homme noir qui éternellement « entend de la cale monter les malédictions enchaînées, les hoquettements des mourants, le bruit de l’un d’entre eux qu’on jette à la mer ». Cet homme noir qui ne peut s’empêcher de se répéter sans fin « Et ce pays cria pendant des siècles que nous sommes des bêtes brutes ».[…]
Le colonisateur est venu, il a pris, il s’est servi, il a exploité, il a pillé des ressources, des richesses qui ne lui appartenaient pas. Il a dépouillé le colonisé de sa personnalité, de sa liberté, de sa terre, du fruit de son travail. […] Continue reading “Discours de Sarkozy à Dakar: le Début de la Recolonisation?”→
African Heritage 