Fetishism in Africa : A European Creation ?

Pendant Ivory mask representing Queen Idia, Iyoba of Benin City (16th Century)
Pendant Ivory mask representing Queen Idia, Iyoba of Benin City (16th Century), exposed at the MET

Just like Cheikh Anta Diop, Leo Frobenius, the German ethnologist and archaeologist who visited Africa in the 1900s saw fetishism as a creation of Europe, made to dehumanize Africans to justify and normalize slavery of the Black man [Dum Diversas or The Vatican’s Authorization of Slavery]. In all his travels throughout Africa, he had never seen natives worship fetishes!

The new country of America needed slaves and Africa offered them: hundreds, thousands, full shiploads of slaves. “However, the slave trade was never a matter of peace; it required its justification ; so the Negro was made into a half-animal, a commodity. And this is how the notion of the fetish was invented (Portuguese : feticeiro) as a symbol of an African religion. European trademark. As for me, I have not seen in any part of black Africa the natives worship fetishes.

The idea of ​​the “barbarian Negro” is a European invention which, as a consequence, dominated Europe until the beginning of this century.”

Leo Frobenius, La Civilisation africaine, Le Rocher, Paris, “Civilisation et Traditions”, Jean-Paul Bertrand Editeur, p. 16-17 (1984). Translated to English by Dr. Y, Afrolegends.com.

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